moderna myocarditis rate

The estimated incidence of myocarditis was 2 per 100,000 individuals, with the highest reported rate in males aged 16 to 29. Cookies used to enable you to share pages and content that you find interesting on CDC.gov through third party social networking and other websites. COVID-19 Vaccinations in the United States. I doubt we'll ever know. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The Pfizer and Moderna mRNA vaccines are available in the U.S. mmwrq@cdc.gov. As of now, the FDA Fact Sheet for Moderna's shot says "Myocarditis and pericarditis have occurred . Its important to remember that any vaccine can cause side effects. Among patients in a large Israeli health care system who had received at least one dose of the BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine, the estimated incidence of myocarditis was 2.13 cases per 100,000 persons; the . According to the TGA, the current overall estimated rates for the entire population of myocarditis for Pfizer and Moderna are similar - 1.4 cases per 100,000 Pfizer doses versus 1.8 cases per 100,000 Moderna doses. January 07, 2022 The risk of myocarditis after immunization with mRNA-based vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 raised concerns when it came to light in early 2021. B, For the mRNA-1273 vaccine, there were 116 reported cases of myocarditis with known date for symptom onset and dose after 78158611 first vaccination doses and 311 reported cases after 66163001 second vaccination doses. Accessed June 29, 2022, from. References to non-CDC sites on the Internet are The researchers noted 9.7 myocarditis cases per 100,000 person-years for unvaccinated males and 4.3 per 100,000 for females. 1 0 obj Vaccination against COVID-19 provides clear public health benefits, but vaccination also carries potential risks. Broken down by age and sex, a second dose of the Moderna vaccine was associated with a higher rate of myocarditis or pericarditis compared with a second dose of the Pfizer/BioNTech vaccine among males ages 18 to 24 (adjusted rate ratio 6.6; 95% CI 3.3-13.2) and 25 to 39 (adjusted rate ratio 5.1; 95% CI 2.3-11.5), as well as females ages 18 to . Your health care provider can provide more information thats specific to your situation. ". <>/ExtGState<>/Pattern<>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text/ImageB/ImageC/ImageI] >>/MediaBox[ 0 0 960 540] /Contents 4 0 R/Group<>/Tabs/S/StructParents 0>> doi: 10.1136/bmj-2021-069445. The reports to the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System met the case definition of myocarditis (reported cases). 2022 Jun 11;399(10342):2191-2199. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(22)00791-7. 1CDC COVID-19 Response Team; 2Franny Strong Foundation, West Bloomfield, Michigan; 3Arkansas Department of Health; 4Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee; 5Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California; 6Institute for Health Research, Kaiser Permanente Colorado, Denver, Colorado. The numbers of events per million persons aged 1229 years are the averages of numbers per million persons aged 1217 years, 1824 years, and 2529 years. Receipt of 2 doses of mRNA COVID-19 vaccine, compared with no vaccination. Case numbers have been rounded to the nearest hundred. Ranges calculated as 10% of crude VAERS reporting rates. CDC and its partners are actively monitoring reports of myocarditis and pericarditis after COVID-19 vaccination. xVMo8#Yi~*vSh6vm";Bk+;#{7BWAl)q7MgGSs]Hg>^Dx+2 2Mz49K-+i2\?')I!crVZ Pv)(v0Rv0`U4')>og)o|VA( CpN4yLc7zL''E->3`Vlk2dmUH'IS[X,sKWsQh &5ER(BBze?>M>#)V. These cookies may also be used for advertising purposes by these third parties. Those who have been diagnosed with myocarditis should consult with their cardiologist (heart doctor) about return to exercise or sports. Heart 2013;99:16814. Within the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS) (4), the national vaccine safety passive monitoring system, 1,226 reports of myocarditis after mRNA vaccination were received during December 29, 2020June 11, 2021. Myocarditis rates from Vaccine Safety Datalink (VSD), based on electronic health records, were also evaluated. <>/Metadata 2557 0 R/ViewerPreferences 2558 0 R>> This is a recognised risk with the Comirnaty (Pfizer) and Spikevax (Moderna) vaccines and we are closely monitoring these events. I can't remember when I heard about the myocarditis risk with the mRNA vaccines, especially Moderna, but it was definitely by the end of 2021. The median age of the 323 patients meeting CDCs case definitions was 19 years (range=1229 years); 291 were male, and 32 were female. in July asked Pfizer-BioNTech and Moderna to enroll more children in their clinical trials in order to detect less common side effects. Key factors to consider are the current rates of COVID-19 infection, the childs overall health, and the parents assessment of risks. Serious side effects are very uncommon. Since June 2020, ACIP has convened 15 public meetings to review data on COVID-19 epidemiology and use of COVID-19 vaccines. Law, Y. M., Lal, A. K., Chen, S., ihkov, D., Cooper, L. T., Jr, Deshpande, S., Godown, J., Grosse-Wortmann, L., Robinson, J. D., Towbin, J. Reports of myocarditis to VAERS were adjudicated and summarized for all age groups. You may have seen the recent reports linking rare cases. Yes. These cookies allow us to count visits and traffic sources so we can measure and improve the performance of our site. *** The highest reporting rates were among males aged 1217 years and those aged 1824 years (62.8 and 50.5 reported myocarditis cases per million second doses of mRNA COVID-19 vaccine administered, respectively). Cordero, A., Cazorla, D., Escribano, D., Quintanilla, M. A., Lpez-Ayala, J. M., Berbel, P. P., & Bertomeu-Gonzlez, V. (2022). Currently, about 1,000 cases of myocarditis and pericarditis have been reported after vaccination against COVID-19 with one of the mRNA vaccines, Pfizer/BioNTech or Moderna. Reporting rates of myocarditis > background rates for males (12-49 years, depending upon dose and manufacturer) and females (after dose 2, 12-29 . FLEG: Vaccination helps protect people from getting sick or severely ill with COVID-19 and helps protect those around them. An analysis of 51 patients with possible or confirmed myocarditis showed that 70% were male, and the average age was 56. COVID-19 is more likely than vaccines to cause myocarditis, and symptoms and outcomes are often worse. JAMA Netw Open. Learn more about, Feelings of having a fast-beating, fluttering, or pounding heart. This risk should be considered in the context of the benefits of COVID-19 vaccination. We spoke with Fleg about the risk of myocarditis linked with COVID-19 illness and with vaccines. A., & American Heart Association Pediatric Heart Failure and Transplantation Committee of the Council on Lifelong Congenital Heart Disease and Heart Health in the Young and Stroke Council (2021). Among 1,194 reports for which patient age was known, 687 were among persons aged <30 years and 507 were among persons aged 30 years; of 1,212 with sex reported, 923 were male, and 289 were female. Among 1,094 patients with number of vaccine doses received reported, 76% occurred after receipt of dose 2 of mRNA vaccine; cases were reported after both Pfizer-BioNTech and Moderna vaccines. Cookies used to make website functionality more relevant to you. Department of Health and Human Services. When reported, the cases have especially been in adolescents and young adult males within several days after mRNA COVID-19 vaccination (Pfizer-BioNTech or Moderna). The known risks of COVID-19 illness and its related, possibly severe complications, such as long-term health problems, hospitalization, and even death, far outweigh the potential risks of having a rare adverse reaction to vaccination, including the possible risk of myocarditis or pericarditis. Careers. Of those with myocarditis, the median age was 21 years (IQR, 16-31 years) and the median time to symptom onset was 2 days (IQR, 1-3 days). The y-axis range differs between panels A and B. Of the 323 persons meeting CDCs case definitions, 309 (96%) were hospitalized. The scientists are monitoring the health of a diverse group of people to learn about the long-term effects of COVID, including heart problems. The PubMed wordmark and PubMed logo are registered trademarks of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS). Myocarditisisinflammation of the heart muscle. All authors have completed and submitted the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors form for disclosure of potential conflicts of interest. Canadian public health authorities also found that the rate of myocarditis was higher for both Moderna. Am J Cardiovasc Pathol 1987; 1:314). From the 1.8 million Moderna doses administered in Australia to 2 January 2022, there have been 40 reports of likely myocarditis and 52 reports of likely pericarditis [3]. In a comprehensive analysis of 1,626 myocarditis cases in the U.S. VAERS, Oster, et al., concluded the highest rates of VAM are concentrated in young males, as follows: 6 70.6 per million in males 12-15 years 105.9 per million in males 16-17 years 52.4 per million for Pfizer-BioNTech and 56.3 million for Moderna per million in males 18-24 years. Diagnosis and Management of Myocarditis in Children: A Scientific Statement from the American Heart Association. Reports of myocarditis and pericarditis after vaccination are rare. Chary M, Barbuto AF, Izadmehr S, Tarsillo M, Fleischer E, Burns MM. JAMA. Information regarding the risk for myocarditis with mRNA COVID-19 vaccines should be disseminated to providers to share with vaccine recipients. The study showed males younger than 40 years old who received the Moderna vaccine were shown to have the highest rates of myocarditis, which according to the authors, may have implications for choosing specific vaccines for certain populations. The most common symptoms are chest pain, fever, fatigue, shortness of breath, and a rapid or irregular pulse. Getting vaccinated to prevent severe COVID-19 cuts your risk of myocarditis. Conflict of Interest Disclosures: Dr Creech reported receiving grants from the National Institutes of Health for the Moderna and Janssen clinical trials and receiving personal fees from Astellas and Horizon. The Researching COVID to Enhance Recovery (RECOVER) Initiative is taking place at 80 centers across the country. Baseline incidence rates (IRs), and vaccine- and dose-specific IRs and rate differences were calculated from the cohort The SCRI calculated calendar time-adjusted IR ratios (IRR), using a 60-day pre-vaccination control period and dose-specific . https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/covid-19/info-by-product/janssen/risk-benefit-analysis.html. NHLBI-supported research aims to identify the causes of lasting heart and lung symptoms of COVID-19, find ways to prevent these problems, and improve treatment to promote rapid healing. Unauthorized use of these marks is strictly prohibited. For purposes of entry into the United States, vaccines accepted will include FDA approved or authorized and WHO Emergency Use Listing vaccines. and/or the original MMWR paper copy for printable versions of official text, figures, and tables. Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. A non-peer-reviewed retrospective paper, released as a pre-print, analyzed the rate of post-vaccination cardiac myocarditis in children aged 12-15 and 16-17 years who had received mRNA COVID . Patone, M., Mei, X. W., Handunnetthi, L., Dixon, S., Zaccardi, F., Shankar-Hari, M., Watkinson, P., Khunti, K., Harnden, A., Coupland, C., Channon, K. M., Mills, N. L., Sheikh, A., & Hippisley-Cox, J. COVID-19 Vaccine Safety Technical Work Group Reports are available at https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/acip/work-groups-vast/index.html. Moderna said the majority of the infections were mild. endobj View Large Download. Even in this group, though, heart inflammation is seven or eight times more common after SARS-CoV-2 infection.10 And the data suggest that young adults with myocarditis possibly linked with COVID-19 vaccines recover quickly with supportive care.11. Paul Burton, M.D., Ph.D., shared that data has found that there have been 13.3 cases of myocarditis per 100,000 people who received the Moderna vaccine compared to 2.7 cases per 100,000 people. Last week, after reviewing data from a clinical . * This analysis evaluated direct benefits and harms, per million second doses of mRNA COVID-19 vaccine given in each age group, over 120 days. On July 6, 2021, this report was posted online as an MMWR Early Release. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) cannot attest to the accuracy of a non-federal website. The CDC also needs to recommend . Epidemiology of Myocarditis and Pericarditis Following mRNA Vaccination by Vaccine Product, Schedule, and Interdose Interval Among Adolescents and Adults in Ontario, Canada. Block, J. P., Boehmer, T. K., Forrest, C. B., Carton, T. W., Lee, G. M., Ajani, U. Hereafter, myocarditis is used to refer to myocarditis, pericarditis, or myopericarditis. The FDA - which generally follows the recommendations of its advisers but is not obligated to do so - is likely to authorize the Moderna vaccine for ages 6-17 soon. Gurdasani, D., Bhatt, S., Costello, A., Denaxas, S., Flaxman, S., Greenhalgh, T., Griffin, S., Hyde, Z., Katzourakis, A., McKee, M., Michie, S., Ratmann, O., Reicher, S., Scally, G., Tomlinson, C., Yates, C., Ziauddeen, H., & Pagel, C. (2021). We dont know exactly how often this happens, but one study estimated that myocarditis affects about 40 people out of every 1,000,000 people who test positive for COVID-19.3 However, myocarditis is much more common in patients hospitalized for COVID-19 (226 per 100,000). The Vaccine Safety Datalink: a model for monitoring immunization safety. As younger males get vaccinated, the reported rates have gone up,. The median interval from vaccination to symptom onset was 2 days (range=040 days); 92% of patients experienced onset of symptoms within 7 days of vaccination. Am J Cardiol 2021;149:95102. CDC continues to recommend that everyone ages 6 months and older get vaccinated for COVID-19. Expected rates of myocarditis by age and sex were calculated using 2017-2019 claims data. Id really like everyone to understand that the benefits of the COVID-19 vaccines strongly outweigh the very small risk of serious side effects. Lancet. FLEG: Tens of thousands of people participated in the clinical trials for the COVID-19 vaccines. Age was not reported for 32 patients, and sex was not reported for 14 patients. : Myocarditis is an inflammation of the heart muscle. 2 0 obj There were no cases. The F.D.A. They help us to know which pages are the most and least popular and see how visitors move around the site. These cookies perform functions like remembering presentation options or choices and, in some cases, delivery of web content that based on self-identified area of interests. Key Points There have been more than 1,200 reported cases of a myocarditis or pericarditis mostly in people 30 and under who received Pfizer's or Moderna's Covid-19 vaccine, according to CDC. CDC twenty four seven. Potential cases of postvaccine myocarditis were identified based on reports . The reports to the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System met the case definition of myocarditis (reported cases). There were 13.3 cases of myocarditis per 100,000 in people 12 to 29 years old who got Moderna's vaccine compared to 2.7 cases per 100,000 people in that age group that got the Pfizer vaccine. However, the balance of benefits and risks varied by age and sex because cases of myocarditis were primarily identified among males aged <30 years, and the risks of poor outcomes related to COVID-19 increase with age. You will be subject to the destination website's privacy policy when you follow the link. JAMA Netw Open. Diagnostic evaluation might reveal an elevated troponin level or abnormal findings on electrocardiogram, echocardiogram, or cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (Table 1). Treatment data in VAERS are preliminary and incomplete; however, many patients have experienced resolution of symptoms with conservative treatment, such as receipt of nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs. In young people aged 12-17 years (boys and girls combined), the rate of myocarditis or myopericarditis in Denmark was 1 per 100 000 with BNT162b2 compared with 18.5 per 100 000 in Hong Kong,3 and roughly 7 per 100 000 in Israel (ages 16-19 years).2 In 12-39 year old males after the second dose of BNT162b2, the incidence of myocarditis or . Payne AB, Gilani Z, Godfred-Cato S, et al. government site. Some groups have a higher risk of developing myocarditis from COVID-19. https://gis.cdc.gov/grasp/COVIDNet/COVID19_3.html. 2021 Oct 1;6(10):1202-1206. doi: 10.1001/jamacardio.2021.2833. Its also possible that myocarditis linked with vaccination is less serious because of the younger average age and healthier status of people getting vaccinated. To describe reports of myocarditis and the reporting rates after mRNA-based COVID-19 vaccination in the US. ACIP recommendations for all COVID-19 vaccines are available at https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/hcp/acip-recs/vacc-specific/covid-19.html. National Library of Medicine 4 0 obj Vaccinating adolescents against SARS-CoV-2 in England: a risk-benefit analysis. Researchers Identify Four Long COVID Categories. The most common treatment was nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (589/676; 87%). Information on v-safe is available at https://www.cdc.gov/vsafe. ** https://www.cdc.gov/mis/hcp/index.html, https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/10.1161/CIR.0000000000000239?url_ver=Z39.88-2003&rfr_id=ori:rid:crossref.org&rfr_dat=cr_pub%20%200pubmed#d3e785external icon. All HTML versions of MMWR articles are generated from final proofs through an automated process. After reports of myocarditis and pericarditis in mRNA vaccine recipients, which predominantly occurred in young males after the second dose, an ACIP meeting was rapidly convened to review reported cases of myocarditis and pericarditis and discuss the benefits and risks of mRNA COVID-19 vaccination in the United States. Objective: Page last updated: The data that the agencies are reviewing were provided by the Canadian government. An analysis of almost 400 patients with myocarditis linked with COVID-19 illness found that about 15% died within 6 months.9. Only about 1 out of 100 cases of heart inflammation linked with COVID-19 vaccines is life-threatening.5 An analysis of 627 cases of vaccine-linked myocarditis worldwide showed that 626 fully recovered and one fatality.7. Again, females had lower rates for both the first . FLEG: The CDC (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention) recommends COVID-19 vaccination for children as young as 6 months. More information is available, Travel requirements to enter the United States are changing, starting November 8, 2021. Abbreviations: AV = atrioventricular; cMRI=cardiac magnetic resonance imaging; ECG or EKG=electrocardiogram. Regarding health equity considerations, racial and ethnic minority groups have higher rates of COVID-19 and severe disease*****; potential changes in vaccine policy, or anything that would affect vaccination coverage for adolescents or young adults, might disproportionately affect those groups with the highest rates of poor COVID-19 outcomes. Comparison of MIS-C Related Myocarditis, Classic Viral Myocarditis, and COVID-19 Vaccine related Myocarditis in Children. This outside group of experts, many of them physicians at academic medical centers, advises the CDC, but doesn't represent the agency itself.The CDC has not said if the number of cases of the . Using myocarditis cases reported to VAERS with onset within 7 days after dose 2 of an mRNA vaccine, crude reporting rates (i.e., using confirmed and unconfirmed cases) per million second dose recipients were calculated using national COVID-19 vaccine administration data as of June 11, 2021. Unable to load your collection due to an error, Unable to load your delegates due to an error. In a press release, the authors said their findings "support the preferential use of the BNT162b2 (Pfizer-BioNTech . On June 23, 2021, after reviewing available evidence including that for risks of myocarditis, ACIP determined that the benefits of using mRNA COVID-19 vaccines under the FDAs EUA clearly outweigh the risks in all populations, including adolescents and young adults. Cases have mostly occurred in adolescents and young adults under the age of 30 years and mostly in males. Julia W. Gargano, PhD1,*; Megan Wallace, DrPH1,*; Stephen C. Hadler, MD1; Gayle Langley, MD1; John R. Su, MD, PhD1; Matthew E. Oster, MD1; Karen R. Broder, MD1; Julianne Gee, MPH1; Eric Weintraub, MPH1; Tom Shimabukuro, MD1; Heather M. Scobie, PhD1; Danielle Moulia, MPH1; Lauri E. Markowitz, MD1; Melinda Wharton, MD1; Veronica V. McNally, JD2; Jos R. Romero, MD3; H. Keipp Talbot, MD4; Grace M. Lee, MD5; Matthew F. Daley, MD6; Sara E. Oliver, MD1 (View author affiliations). FDA requires that vaccine providers report to VAERS vaccination administration errors, serious adverse events, cases of multisystem inflammatory syndrome, and cases of COVID-19 that result in hospitalization or death after administration of a COVID-19 vaccine under an EUA. Among 192 405 448 persons receiving a total of 354 100 845 mRNA-based COVID-19 vaccines during the study period, there were 1991 reports of myocarditis to VAERS and 1626 of these reports met the case definition of myocarditis. * These authors contributed equally to this work. However, COVID-19 illness is far more likely to cause myocarditis than are the vaccines. ACIP emphasized the importance of informing vaccination providers and the public about the benefits and the risks, including the risk for myocarditis after COVID-19 vaccination, particularly for males aged 1229 years. The EUA has been modified to include information on myocarditis after receipt of mRNA COVID-19 vaccines. endobj Of the nearly 21 million women, 7.2 million (34%) were younger than age 40, and a slightly increased risk of myocarditis was found among this younger age group after receiving a second dose of the Moderna COVID-19 vaccine: 7 estimated extra cases of myocarditis for every one million women vaccinated. <> Vaccine 2015;33:4398405. In addition, CDC has updated patient education and communication materials reflecting this information for the Pfizer-BioNTech and Moderna****** COVID-19 vaccines; these are important to ensure that vaccine recipients, especially males aged 1229 years, are aware of increased risk for myocarditis and to seek care if they develop symptoms of myocarditis. Both mRNA vaccines were authorized and recommended as a 2-dose schedule, with second doses administered 21 days (Pfizer-BioNTech) or 28 days (Moderna) after the first dose. Your chance of getting myocarditis after getting a COVID-19 vaccine is less than the chance of being struck by lightning during your lifetime. Viruses. Incidence Rates and Rate Ratios of Myocarditis in Vaccinated Individuals Compared With Control Groups. NHLBI Information & Resources on COVID-19. The walls of the heart become inflamed, which weakens the hearts pumping action and can cause irregular heart rhythms, heart failure, and other complications. Bethesda, MD 20894, Web Policies Use of mRNA COVID-19 Vaccine After Reports of Myocarditis Among Vaccine Recipients: Update from the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices United States, June 2021. See this image and copyright information in PMC. The benefits (prevention of COVID-19 disease and associated hospitalizations, ICU admissions, and deaths) outweighed the risks (expected myocarditis cases after vaccination) in all populations for which vaccination has been recommended. Pediatrics 2011;127(Suppl 1):S4553. Baggs J, Gee J, Lewis E, et al. Among recipients of either vaccine, there were only 13 reports or less of myocarditis beyond 10 days for any individual time from vaccination to symptom onset. Unfortunately, inflammation in the heart muscle can lead to serious complications, including heart failure, shock, or death. To assess the benefit-risk balance of mRNA vaccines in adolescents and young adults, ACIP reviewed an individual-level assessment that compared the benefits (i.e., COVID-19 infections and severe disease prevented) to the risks (number of cases of myocarditis) of vaccination, using methods similar to those described previously. Specifically, the benefits per million second doses administered (i.e., the benefits of being fully vaccinated in accordance with the FDA EUA) were assessed, including 1) COVID-19 cases prevented based on rates the week of May 29, 2021; 2) COVID-19 hospitalizations prevented based on rates the week of May 22, 2021; and 3) COVID-19 intensive care unit (ICU) admissions and deaths prevented based on the proportion of hospitalized patients who were admitted to the ICU or died. Data were used for the most recent week not subject to reporting delays prior to the ACIP meeting. 5 Vaccine-linked myocarditis is less likely to cause lingering heart problems than myocarditis due to COVID-19 illness. Treatment is often given in a hospital. Americans received more than 590 million doses of COVID-19 vaccines between December 2020 and June 2022.1 The most intensive safety monitoring system in U.S. history has made it possible to detect even very rare COVID-19 vaccine side effects, including myocarditis, which is inflammation of the heart muscle. HHS Vulnerability Disclosure, Help Seek medical care if you or your child have any of the specific or general symptoms of myocarditis or pericarditis especially if its within a week after COVID-19 vaccination. When reported, the cases have especially been in adolescents and young adult males within several days after mRNA COVID-19 vaccination (Pfizer-BioNTech or Moderna). Myocarditis usually goes away on its own with supportive care, including IV fluids, steroid therapy, and medicines to treat disorders of heart rhythm or pumping function. Corresponding author: Sara E. Oliver, yxo4@cdc.gov. Myocarditis is an inflammation of the heart muscle; if it is accompanied by pericarditis, an inflammation of the thin tissue surrounding the heart (the pericardium), it is referred to as myopericarditis. Adenoviral Vector-Based Vaccine Platform for COVID-19: Current Status. Males under age 40 who received the Moderna vaccine were shown to have the highest rates of myocarditis, and the researchers said the study's findings support the idea of recommending. If you have any health problems after vaccination, report them toVAERS. Myocarditis typically occurs more commonly in males than in females, and incidence is highest among infants, adolescents, and young adults (1,2). You will be subject to the destination website's privacy policy when you follow the link. Moderna - 19 case of myocarditis and 19 cases of pericarditis out of 20 million doses given Five people died. %PDF-1.7 Cooper LT Jr. Myocarditis. For more severe cases of myocarditis caused by a virus, such as SARS-CoV-2, people may need to stay in the hospital for a week or two often in the ICU. They suggest the rates of myocarditis after the Moderna-NIAID vaccine may be two-and-a-half times higher. The vaccine product-specific EUA fact sheet should be provided to all vaccine recipients and their caregivers before vaccination with any authorized COVID-19 vaccine. Comparison of COVID-19 Vaccine-Associated Myocarditis and Viral Myocarditis Pathology. Myocarditis typically causes shortness of breath and chest pain. The text reads: "Myocarditis is irreversible. (Jolygon/iStock via Getty Images) The risk of developing myocarditis - an inflammation of the heart muscle - following a booster dose of the Pfizer COVID-19 vaccine is low, according to new research from Israel. For children ages 6 months to 2 years, efficacy was 43.7 percent, and in children ages 2 to 6, it was only 37.5 percent. Because these studies are in their early phases, the results are not ready yet. Please enable it to take advantage of the complete set of features! Researchers also looked at rates per million doses and the rate was 35.6 cases per million for Moderna and 12.6 per million for Pfizer-;an almost threefold increase after Moderna shots vs.. An official website of the United States government. The rate is significantly higher - 450 cases per million infections.